5 aug 2026, wo

Bitcoin is een gedecentraliseerde digitale valuta die je direct kunt kopen, verkopen en verhandelen, zonder tussenpersoon zoals een bank. De maker van Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto, beschreef oorspronkelijk de noodzaak van “een elektronisch betalingssysteem op basis van cryptografische bewijs in plaats van vertrouwen”.

Elke Bitcoin transactie die is gedaan, staat geregistreerd in een logboek dat voor iedereen toegankelijk is, waardoor de transacties moeilijk terug te draaien en te vervalsen zijn. Dat is zo ontworpen, Bitcoins zijn fundamenteel voor hun gedecentraliseerde karakter en worden niet ondersteund door de overheid of een uitgevende instelling. Er is niets dat hun waarde garandeert, behalve het bewijs dat de kern van het systeem vormt.

Bitcoin is gebaseerd op een gedistribueerd digitaal draaiboek dat een blockchain wordt genoemd. Zoals de naam al aangeeft, is blockchain een gekoppelde hoeveelheid gegevens, bestaande uit eenheden die blokken worden genoemd. Deze blokken bevatten informatie over elke transactie, inclusief datum en tijd, totale waarde, koper en verkoper, en een unieke identificatiecode voor elke uitwisseling. De inzendingen zijn in chronologische volgorde geketend, waardoor een digitale keten van blokken ontstaat.

Bitcoin Improvement Proposal

Een Bitcoin Improvement Proposal (BIP) is een standaard voor het voorstellen van wijzigingen in het Bitcoin protocol of in sommige gevallen een informatiebron voor de Bitcoin gemeenschap. Bovendien zijn sommige BIP voorgestelde wijzigingen in het BIP proces zelf. BIP’s kunnen kritieke consensuswijzigingen bevatten, maar ook andere wijzigingen die profiteren van coördinatie tussen verschillende Bitcoin software implementaties, zoals wijzigingen in de peer-to-peer-laag of nieuwe back-up seed-indelingen.

Kan Bitcoin omgewisseld worden in cashgeld

Bitcoin kan worden ingewisseld voor contant geld zoals elk betaalmiddel. Er zijn talloze crypto uitwisselingsplekken online waar mensen dit kunnen doen, maar transacties kunnen ook persoonlijk of op elk communicatieplatform worden gedaan, waardoor zelfs kleine bedrijven Bitcoins kunnen accepteren. Er is geen officieel mechanisme ingebouwd in Bitcoin om naar een andere valuta te converteren, niets dat inherent waardevol is, ondersteunt het Bitcoin netwerk. Dit geldt voor veel van ’s werelds meest stabiele nationale valuta’s sinds ze de goudstandaard hebben verlaten, zoals de Amerikaanse dollar en het Britse pond.

Er zijn verschillende kritieken geweest op Bitcoin, waaronder het feit dat het “mining” systeem veel stroom verbruikt. De Universiteit van Cambridge heeft een online rekenmachine die het energieverbruik bijhoudt, en begin 2021 werd geschat dat deze meer dan 100 terawattuur per jaar verbruikte. In perspectief, in 2016 gebruikte het Verenigd Koninkrijk in totaal 304 terawattuur.

De crypto-eenheid is ook in verband gebracht met misdaad, waarbij critici erop wijzen dat het een perfecte manier is om transacties op de zwarte markt uit te voeren. In werkelijkheid heeft contant geld deze functie al eeuwenlang geleverd en het openbare boek van Bitcoin kan een hulpmiddel zijn voor wetshandhaving.

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